The placement of elements in
Mendeleeff’s periodic table helped in correcting the atomic masses
of some elements like, beryllium, indium and gold.
For example, At the time of Mendeleeff, beryllium (Be) was given
atomic weight 13.5.
Atomic weight = equivalent weight × valency
The equivalent weight of Be was found experimentally as 4.5 and its
valency was thought as 3. Therefore, the atomic weight of beryllium
was given as 4.5 × 3 = 13.5. With this atomic weight it had to be placed
in a wrong group in the table. He said that its valency should be only 2.
Then its atomic weight would be 4.5 × 2 = 9. If atomic weight of ‘Be’
is 9 it would be fit in the second group and its properties practically
are similar to Mg, Ca etc., of the second group elements. He also
helped in the calculation of the correct atomic weights of ‘Indium’
and ‘Gold’ in this manner.
Some anomalous series of elements like ‘Te’ and
‘I’ were observed in the table. The anomalous series contained elements
with more atomic weights like ‘Te’ (127.6 U) placed before the
elements with less atomic weights like ‘I’ (126.9 U). Mendeleeff
accepted minor inversions in the order of increasing atomic weights
as these inversions resulted in elements being placed in the correct
groups.
It was the extraordinary thinking of Mendeleeff that made the chemists
to accept the periodic table and recognise Mendeleeff more than anyone
else as the originator of the periodic law.
At the time when Mendeleeff introduced his periodic table even electrons were not discovered. Even then the periodic table was able to provide a scientific base for the study of chemistry of elements. In his honour the 101th element was named Mendelevium.