| Alkane | No. of Carbons | Structure | Formula |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethene | 2 | CH2=CH2 | C2H4 |
| Propene | 3 | CH3-CH=CH2 | C3H6 |
| Butene | 4 | CH3-CH2-CH=CH2 | C4H8 |
| Pentene | 5 | CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2 | C5H10 |
Alkenes have general molecular formula CnH2n,where'n' is 2,3,4,....
| Alkane | No. of Carbons | Structure | Formula |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethyne | 2 | HC = _ CH | C2H2 |
| Propene | 3 | CH3- C = _ CH | C3H4 |
| Butene | 4 | CH3-H2C-C = _CH | C4H6 |
| Pentene | 5 | CH3-CH2-CH2-C = _CH | C5H8 |
Alkynes have general molecular formula CnH2n-2,where'n' is 2,3,4,....
We have millions of organic compounds. As number of organic compound is very big it is difficult to remember their names individually. To overcome this problem they have to be properly named. For this, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) had been formed, and one of its responsibilities is to name the organic and inorganic compounds in a systematic order. The basic idea behind the systematic nomenclature is that there should be only one name for the given structure throughout the world and also there should be only one structure for the given name.
The IUPAC name of an organic compound consists of three parts : 1) Word root 2) Prefix 3) Suffix.
1) Word Root : The number of carbon atoms present in the molecules or principle chain is called word root.| C1 -Meth; | C2 -eth; | C3 -prop; | C4 -but; | C5 -pent; | C6 -hex; |
| C7 -hept; | C8 -oct; | C9 -non; | C10--dec; | and so on. |