Today, we not only have to generate new employment opportunities but also train many workers to work efficiently and with machines. We should invest in many industries, in both rural and semi-urban areas, so that we are able to produce many more goods and services.

Gross Domestic Product

Final goods

Employment shifts

Organised and unorganised sector

1. Do you think the classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and services sectors is useful? Explain how. (AS₁)

2. For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter, why should one focus on employment and GDP? Could there be other issues which should be examined? Discuss. (AS₄)

3. How is the service sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples. (AS₁)

4. What do you understand by underemployment? Explain with one example each from the urban and rural areas. (AS₁)

5. The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues: wages, safety and health. Explain with examples. (AS₁)

6. A study in Ahmedabad found that out of 15,00,000 workers in the city, 11,00,000 worked are in the unorganised sector. The total income of the city in this year (1997- 1998) was Rs 6000 crores. Out of this, Rs 3200 crores was generated in the organised sector. Present this data as a table. What are the ways for generating more employment in the city? (AS₃)

7. Read the 4^th para of page 33, i.e. “ In the past 50 years, ............. observed for developed countries”. (AS₂)

Is a similar pattern observed for India? Give your opinion.